Improvement in carving-machines



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m JAMES w. cAMPBELL.

p'rovemeny in Carving MaChfle- Patented August l5, 1871.

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v JAMES W. CAMPBELL.

lmproyement'inarving Machine, l mlm||||m|||r|nlnnlfmnmilallllllllllmm'limlllnlnlnlmllmm Famed August 15,38-

Nrrnn STATEs .A 'rnr OFFICE.

JAMES WV. CAMPBELL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y. y

IMPROVEMENT IN CARV'ING-MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 117,978, dated August15, 187] To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES W. CAMPBELL, of the city, county, and State ofNew York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inCarving-lilachines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription, reference being` had to the accompanying drawing' whichforms part of this speciiication, and in which the iigures that relateto the machine are drawn to a scale ot' about one inch to the foot, andthe ligures that relate to the work done by the machine represent saidwork full size.

Figure l is a side view of a carving-machine constructed in accordancewith my invention, Fig. 2, a sectional plan thereof` through the line a'.t in Fig. l, Fig. 3, a transverse section ofthe same through the line yy in Fig. l. 4 is a side view, and Fig. 5 atop or edge view of a stripor piece of work as done by the machine.

Similar letters ofreterence indicate corresponding parts throughout theseveral iigures.

This invention relates to a machine for automatically cutting or carvingwhat is termed rustic stem,'a particular description of carved work usedfor picture-frames, and which, prior to the invention of this machine,has been produced by hand at a great expense of time andlabor, and citenvery imperfectly or irregularly. The invention comprises a cutter-headwhich has a threefold motion, namely, a revolving one around an axisarranged at right angles or nearly so to the direction in which the woodor strip to be carved is fed through the machine, a lateral movement indirection of the length of said axis, and a vibrating or up-and-downmovement relatively to the work as it passes under the cutter-head. Theinvention likewise includes an arrangement of revolving side cutters,having also a vibrator-y motion to or from the work by means of a cam orcams, in combination with a pendent support of said cutters, and adriving-belt arrangement that holds or draws them together, and thatdispenses with weights or springs to keep said cutters up to action bythe cam or cams. The invention also comprises various advantageouscombinations of details by which these several movements are effected.

Having thus specified the nature of the invention, its description willbe proceeded with in reference to the accompanying drawing.:

A represents the bed or table of the machine,

on or along which the strip of wood t`o be carved is fed in direction ofthe arrow z, by means of a revolving' feeder, B. This table should beadjustable up or down to suit diiferent depths or thicknesses of stuffand to adapt the latterl to the cutters.

Prior to describing the-action ofthe cutters it will be well to refer toFi gs.l 4 and 5, which show a piece of rustic-stem work, C, thepeculiarities of which, so far as it is necessary to explain the samehere, consist of serpentine or spirally-arran ged ridges withintervening grooves'b formed in successive sections or lengths,separated by semi-knot holes that may be cut by a gouge after the workcomes from the machine. Each ofthese spirally-ridgmi and groovedsections is hollowed out, as at c on top of the strip, and as at d d onthe sides thereof. Said strip has a generally rounded coniigurationgiven it transversely on its upper edge, and the serpentine grooves band ridges formed therein or on, also the curvilinear depressions orhollows c made therein in direction of the length of the strip by meansof a revolving cutter-head, D, provided with a cutter or cutters of therequisite shape. This cutterhead, in addition to its rotary motion, hasa lateral reciprocating movement relatively to the strip, by which theserpentine dispositian of the aforesaid grooves andv ridgesis produced,also an up-and-down motion to form the curvilinear depressions orhollows c.

Such threefold action of the cutters carried by the cutter-head D iseffected as follows: The transversely-arranged shaft E that carries saidcutter-head is continuously revolved by means Vof a belt, @,and pulleysfg from a main drivingshaft, F. Said shaft E has its rear bearing t hungly trunnions or side pivots h li in a box, G, which is iitted to theframe so as to be capable of sliding to and fro in a transversedirection to the machine-or in other words, in alongitudinal directionof the shaft E, which it car ries during such movement along with it.This motion .gives the serpentine grooving action to the cuttersof therevolving cutter-head D, and is produced by the joint actions of arevolving cam, H, operating against a leg, t', of the sliding box G, anda spring, I, connected with said boX. The cani H receives its rotarymotion by a belt, k, from either one of two ormore differently-sizedpulleys, J, on the driving-shaft F, to one cf'two or moredifferently-sized pulleys, K, on a lower cross-shai`t, L, which latter,by means of a belt, l, and pulleys m n, revolves the shaft M thatcarries the rotary feeder B, and that, by a spurwheel, 0, communicatesmotion through a wheel, p, to a cross-shaft, N., rlhis cross-shaft N hasa wheel, q, on it,rwhich gears with a wheel, r, to rotate the cam H, bywhich, in conjunction with the spring l, the cutter-head D isreciprocated laterally in relation to the strip. Said crossshaft N alsocarries a spur-wheel, s, which gears with a wheel, t, arranged beneaththe forward portion ofthe cutter-head shaft E, and said wheel t causedto rotate a cam, 1) that serves to give the necessary up-and-down motionto the shaft E at its forward end to form the longitudinal upper hollowsc in the strip. For this purpose the forward bearing Q of the shaft E isfitted by vertical V-guides, so as to be capable of rising and fallingin the box which carries said bearing, the trunnions or pivots h h beingthe centers of motion, which is a vertieally-vibrating or rocking one.rlhe curvilinear hollows d d in the sides of the strip are produced byhorizontally revolving cutter-heads B B, provided with suitable cutters,sueh reductions taking place after the strip h: s passed from under thecutterhead l). The vertical or approxirnately-vertical shafts of thesehorizontally-revolving cutter-heads have their lower bearin gs a a.iitted so as to be capaA ble of sliding' to and fro in a transverserelation to the strip, and their upper bearings b b attached by pivots cc', so that said cutter-heads B 'it are supported in a pendent mannerfrom above, and are free to approach or recede from each other below,whereby the curvilinear side recesses d. d are cut in the, strip. lhen alike configuration or hollow is required on both sides of the strip, asingle revolving cam, A, operating against pins d. d on the slidinglower bearings a a, suffices but when a different coniiguration isrequired on the one side of the strip, as compared with the other, theneach sliding lower bearing may be operated by a separate cam of suitableshape. Said cam A simply serves to force the horizontal cutter-heads ltB apart, the latter, or their lower slidin bearings, being d "awntogether or made to follow up the cam by means of the pendent support ofsaid cutter-heads, in mnnbinatiou with a certain arrangement of the beltby which they are rotated,

thereby dispensing with weights or springs to operate conjointly withthe cam. Said cam A has its rotary motion given to it by a spur-wheel,s', in gear with the wheel o", bevel-pinions e j", and a tf'ain ofgearing, h i j.

The rotary motion of the cutter-h eads B B i s produced by abelt, asfollows: B is a vertical shaft, which is revolved by a belt, 7s andpulleys from th e drivingshaft F. On the upper end of this verticalshaft B is a pulley, l', round which the belt m, that rotates thecutter-heads 1t B, is passed. i

This belt passes from the pulley Z on the off side of the machine to andround a tension-pulley, n', upon the other side of the machine oropposite side of the combined cutter-heads, from thence back to andaround a pulley, r1, on the shaft of the cutter-head B, furthestfrom thetension-pulley a', and from thence to and around a pulley, r2, on theshaft of the other cutter-head lt, from whence it passes back to thepulley Z. By this arrangement of the belt m the cutter-heads R R aredrawn together or held up to their lateral reciprocating action by thecam A througll or by the same belt which serves to rotate them, withprovision, however, for yield of the belt to allow of said cutter-headsbeing forced apart by the cam A without endangering the subsequent slipof the belt.

Wh at is here claim ed, and desired to be secured by Letters Patent, is

l. rlhe cutter-head l), having a threefold motion, as described, namely,a revolving one over the stuff or strip to be worked, a reciprocatinglateral one relatively to said strip, and a reciprocating up-and-downmotion in relation thereto, when constructed substantially as specified.

2. rlhe combination of the sliding or laterallymoving bearing-box Gr andits cam H with the rockin gbearinge, the revolving cutter-head shaft E,the rising-and-falling front bearin g Q, andthe cam l?, essentially asand for the purposes herein set forth.

3. The pendent revolving cutter-heads B B,

in combination with one or more intermediate cam or.cams, A, thedriving-belt lmf, and the pulleys Z u and rl r2, when the whole arearranged for operation substantially as specified.

J. W. CAMPBELL.

llVitnesses z Fnnn HAYNns, lt. E. Reimann.

